The sanctuary of Eleusis was one of the most important cult centres of the ancient world, where from the Mycenaean Age until the end of the 4th century AD the goddess Demeter, goddess of the renewal of nature and the growth of grain, was constantly worshipped.She taught the Eleusinians the cultivation of the land and the sacred rituals, the all-pure mysteries, for which she claimed absolute secrecy.
Elefsina was founded around 2000 BC on the slopes of the eastern hill of a low hill range in the southwest corner of the Thriasian plain, near the Eleusinian Gulf and developed during the Mycenaean period into a strongly fortified city. During this period the Mycenaean mansion was built, which was identified with the first temple of Demeter, N.E. of the Telestrios of the Classical period.
The Sanctuary of Eleusis is located in the city of Elefsina, which is approximately 20 km northwest of Athens. The sanctuary was one of the most important religious sites in ancient Greece and was dedicated to the worship of Demeter and Persephone.
The sanctuary was famous for its Eleusinian Mysteries, which were a series of secret religious ceremonies held in honor of Demeter and Persephone. The Mysteries were only open to initiates, and little is known about the ceremonies themselves as they were strictly kept secret.
Despite the secrecy surrounding the Mysteries, the Sanctuary of Eleusis was a popular destination for ancient Greeks and was visited by people from all over the Mediterranean. The sanctuary’s impressive buildings, including temples, altars, and fountains, were constructed over many centuries and offer a glimpse into the ancient world.
Today, visitors can explore the remains of the sanctuary, which include the impressive Telesterion, a large hall where the Mysteries were held, as well as the remains of various temples, altars, and other buildings. Visitors can also visit the Elefsina Archaeological Museum, which houses a range of artifacts related to the sanctuary and the Eleusinian Mysteries.
Overall, the Sanctuary of Eleusis is a fascinating and important destination for anyone interested in ancient Greek religion and culture. Its impressive buildings and mysterious ceremonies offer a glimpse into the ancient world, and its historical and cultural significance cannot be overstated.
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